Kodi Mitundu Yambiri Yambiri Ya Brake Drum Ndi Chiyani?

Pali mitundu yambiri ya mabuleki.Mwina munamvapo za mabuleki a Diski kapena mabuleki odziikira okha.Koma kodi mumadziwa zamitundu iwiri yodziwika bwino ya ng'oma za mabuleki?Muphunzira za machitidwe awiriwa ananyema m'nkhaniyi.Kuphatikiza apo, muphunzira za akasupe obwerera ndi ntchito yawo.Tikukhulupirira, nkhaniyi ikuthandizani kumvetsetsa kusiyana kwa machitidwe awiriwa.

Mabuleki a ng'oma

Mabuleki a Drum ali ndi nsapato ziwiri zotsogola.Wina amatsogolera pamene wina amatsatira.Galimoto ikamayenda, nsapato zonse ziwiri zimakhala ngati zitsogozo.M'malo mwake, ma pistoni mu cylinder iliyonse amakhala ngati kuponda kumbuyo.Nsapato zapawiri zotsogola zili ndi ma pistoni omwe amasamukira mbali zonse ziwiri.Mabuleki amtunduwu nthawi zambiri amapezeka kumbuyo kwa kagalimoto kakang'ono.Ngakhale kukwera kwa mbali imodzi kungapangitse katundu wamtundu umodzi kutsogolo kwa mphanda, nsapato ziwiri zotsogola zapawiri ndizosankha bwino kwa magalimoto ambiri.

Drum brake system imagwiritsa ntchito silinda yomwe imazungulira komanso nsapato zomwe zimagubuduza pamalo ogundana kuti galimoto ichedwetse.Nsapato zimakangana ndi ng'oma pamene pedal imatulutsidwa, kutulutsa mphamvu ya hydraulic.Kukangana kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti nsapato za brake zizilira ndikuchedwetsa galimoto.Izi zimatchedwa "kudzipanga nokha."

Chigawo china cha brake ya ng'oma ndikupumira kwake.Chingwe cha nangula chimayikidwa kumbuyo-mbale moyang'anizana ndi gawo la expander.Nangula abutment imakhala ngati hinge, yomwe imateteza nsapato kuti zisazungulira ndi ng'oma pamene brake ikugwiritsidwa ntchito.Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya nangula: pini imodzi ndi pini iwiri.Mtundu wakale umakhala wofala kwambiri pamagalimoto opepuka.

Galimoto yoyamba kugwiritsa ntchito ng'oma yamakono inali Maybach.Louis Renault adagwiritsa ntchito nsalu ya asbestosi yolukidwa pazitsulo zomangira ng'oma chifukwa imachotsa kutentha kuposa chinthu china chilichonse.Magalimoto ena ankagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yocheperako ya mabuleki a ng'oma.Zitsanzo zakale zinkagwiritsa ntchito zitsulo, ndodo, zingwe, ndi nsapato zamakina.Ma pistoni ankayendetsedwa ndi kuthamanga kwa mafuta mu silinda yaing'ono yamagudumu.Makinawa anali ofala mpaka m’ma 1980, koma magalimoto ena anapitiriza kuwagwiritsa ntchito.

Mabuleki a disc

Kusiyana pakati pa mitundu iwiri ya ng'omayi ndikuti amagwira ntchito pa mfundo imodzi ndipo onse amagwiritsidwa ntchito pagalimoto imodzi.Pankhani ya mabuleki a disk, komabe, diskiyo imakhala yokhazikika ndipo caliper imayenda mozungulira pokhudzana ndi rotor.Chombo chamkati cha brake chimakanikizidwa ndi diski panthawi ya braking ndipo pad brake pad imakokera pa rotor.Panthawi imeneyi, ma brake pads amawotcha ndipo amakakamizidwa kutsutsana ndi disc.Njirayi imadziwika kuti "pad imprinting," yomwe imathandizira kuti ma braking force.

Mbali zotentha za ma disks zimatha kufika kutentha kwambiri.Izi zikachitika, chitsulocho chimakhala ndi kusintha kwa gawo.Mpweya muzitsulo ukhoza kutuluka muzitsulo ndikupanga zigawo za carbon-heavy carbide.Simenti, komabe, ndi chinthu chosiyana ndi chitsulo chosungunuka ndipo ndi cholimba kwambiri komanso chophwanyika.Komanso sichimayamwa kutentha bwino, kusokoneza kukhulupirika kwa disc.

Mabuleki a disc amadziwikanso kuti caliper brakes.Amagwiritsa ntchito kuthamanga kwa hydraulic kukankhira nsapato kumtunda wamkati wa ng'oma ya brake.Mabuleki amenewa ndi ophatikiza ma caliper ndi ma pistoni ndipo amatha kugwiritsa ntchito ma pistoni asanu ndi atatu.Mabuleki a disc ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa ng'oma zamabuleki.Komabe, pali mitundu ina yambiri.Ngati mukuyang'ana mabuleki atsopano, mabuleki a disc angakhale oyenera kwa inu.

Mabuleki a disk amasiyana ndi mabuleki a ng'oma m'njira zambiri.Mabuleki a disk amatulutsa kutentha kwakukulu ndi kukangana, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mbali zawo sizikhala ndi moyo wautali kwambiri.Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa magawo mu brake ya disc kumawonjezera mwayi wolephera.Mabuleki a ng'oma amathanso kukhala aphokoso, makamaka ngati akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi madalaivala omwe sakudziwa zomwe akunena.

Mabuleki odzidzimangira okha

Pali mitundu iwiri ya ng'oma zodziikira zokha zodzipangira zokha: yogwiritsa ntchito mokangana komanso yoyamwa.Yoyamba imagwiritsa ntchito zida zomangirira kuti zipereke mphamvu yakuboola, yomwe imayikidwa pa pedal panthawi yocheperako.Ng'oma zodzipaka zokha zimagwiritsa ntchito ng'oma kuti igwiritse ntchito mphamvu, pamene makina otsekemera amagwiritsira ntchito ma rotor.Kusiyanitsa pakati pa mitundu iwiri ya mabuleki kuli pamakina awo.

Pamene ng'oma zodzipangira zokha zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumbuyo, zimagwira galimoto pamene kulemera kwa galimoto kusamukira ku nsapato yodutsa.Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha kupendekera kotsetsereka kapena kolowera mobwerera.Pankhani ya mabuleki otsogolera-nsapato, nsapato yotsogolera ili pafupi ndi expander.Ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa bwino pakumanganso mabuleki pamene akusweka.Kulephera kutero kungayambitse vuto la braking ndi kutsekeka kotheka.

Mabuleki omwe amamangirira ng'oma amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomatira zomatira.Zinthu zomangira zomatazi zimathandiza mabuleki kuti azigwira ntchito mwamphamvu pa tayala, koma zimatha kusokoneza komanso kugwedezeka panthawi ya braking.Ng’oma za mabuleki zomwe zimagundana zingapangitsenso kuti dalaivala azikakamiza kwambiri mabuleki kuposa momwe amafunikira kuti ayimitse galimotoyo.

Mitundu ya ng'oma zodziikira zokha zili ndi zigawo ziwiri zazikulu: mbale yakumbuyo ndi abutment ya nangula.Nangula abutment, yomwe ili moyang'anizana ndi gawo lokulitsa, imakhala ngati hinge ya nsapato.Mbali yakumbuyo iyi imapereka chithandizo kwa silinda yowonjezera ndipo nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi nthiti zachitsulo.Nangula abutment imagwiranso ntchito ngati chishango chafumbi pagulu la ng'oma ya brake ndi nsapato.

Bwererani akasupe

Kasupe wobwerera ndi chinthu chosunthika chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwirizira nsapato za brake kumbuyo pambuyo poti silinda ya gudumu yatulutsa mphamvu kuchokera ku braking system.Malingana ndi kamangidwe kameneka, akasupe obwerera akhoza kumangirizidwa ku nsapato zonse zotsatira ndi zotsogola kapena kuzikika pakatikati.Makina ena oboola ng'oma amagwiritsa ntchito kasupe kamodzi ndipo ena amagwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chachitali, cholimba chomwe chimapindika mu mawonekedwe a U.Mapeto apansi a kasupe amagwirizanitsidwa ndi nsapato yotsatsira ndipo pamwamba pa mawonekedwe a U amagwirizanitsa ndi nsapato yotsogolera.

Nsapato yotsogola imayenda mosiyana ndi ng'oma pamene brake ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nsapato zisunthike pakatikati pa ng'oma ndi kupanikizika kwakukulu.Zotsatira za servo izi zimadziwika kuti kudzilimbikitsa.Silinda yama gudumu imakhala ndi pistoni ndipo kuthamanga kwa hydraulic kumakankhira nsapato kumtunda wamkati wa ng'oma.Ma akasupe onse obwerera amayenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi, chifukwa chake ndi ofunikira pama brake system.

Kasupe wobwerera ndi ma pistoni ndi magawo awiri ofunikira a brake ya ng'oma.Akapanikizidwa ma brake pedal, ma brake fluid amakankhira mu silinda yama gudumu kukankhira nsapato za brake pa ng'oma.Akasupe obwerera amawakokeranso kumalo awo opumira.Brake ikatulutsidwa, akasupe obwerera sinthani nsapato za brake kuti zibwerere pamalo ake.Kubwerera kasupe ndi gawo lomaliza la ma brake system, ndipo ndi mtundu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

Ngakhale kuti pisitoni ndi akasupe obwerera zimagwira ntchito yoboola, ng'oma simalumikizana nthawi yomweyo ndi nsapato.Ayenera kupanikizidwa kaye nsapato zisanayambe kulowera ku ng'oma.Komano, makina a Hybrid disc/drum, amangophwanya ndi ma diski pamagetsi opepuka.Mtundu uwu wa braking system umafuna valavu yapadera ya metering kuti ateteze kuthamanga kwa ma hydraulic kuti asafike pazitsulo zakutsogolo mpaka akasupe obwerera agonjetsedwa.

Ma brake pads

Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya ng'oma zophwanyika: zokhazikika ndi zosalala.Malingana ndi mtundu wa galimoto, yotsirizirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto olemera kwambiri.Zonsezi zidapangidwa kuti zikhale zogwira mtima popewa kukokera kwa ma wheel-cylinder komanso kuchepetsa phokoso lagalimoto.Ng'oma zosasunthika zimakhala ndi rotor ndi disc-monga nsapato-expander ndizofala kwambiri m'magalimoto.Komabe, mitundu yonseyi ili ndi mikhalidwe yapadera.

Mwachitsanzo, ng'oma zokulira m'kati zimakhala ndi mphamvu yochepa yoyimitsa kusiyana ndi zitsulo ndi zitsulo.Ma gearbox odzichitira okha nthawi zambiri amakonda ng'oma zokulitsa mkati, pomwe ng'oma zimakondedwa ndi ma gearbox amanja.Mabuleki a ng'oma amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamawilo akumbuyo agalimoto, ndipo amathandizira dongosolo la disc lakutsogolo.Mabuleki amanja amakina amagwirizana ndi mabuleki a ng'oma.

Ikanikizidwa ndi ng'oma, nsapato yotsogola imayenda mbali imodzi ndi ng'oma, ndipo nsapato yakumbuyo imasunthira kwina.Izi zimadziwika kuti servo effect, ndipo zimathandiza nsapato kuti zigwirizane ndi ng'oma ndi mphamvu yaikulu.M'njira yodziwika bwino ya mabuleki, nsapato yotsogola imayenda kutsogolo kwa ng'oma, pomwe nsapato yakumbuyo imabwerera kumbuyo.Nthawi zambiri, ma drum brakes amaikidwa kumbuyo kwa magalimoto onyamula anthu.

Kodi ng'oma ziwiri zodziwika bwino za mabuleki ndi ati, ndipo zimasiyana bwanji?Pofuna kupewa mavuto, mabuleki ayenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse.Kulephera kutero kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa mabuleki.Brake zimayamba chifukwa cha kutenthedwa kwa zigawo ananyema, ndi osakaniza zinthu zimenezi.Mabomba a mabuleki owonjezera mkati, mwachitsanzo, amatha kukula m'mimba mwake chifukwa chakukula kwamafuta.Kuti alipire, nsapatozo zimayenera kuyenda motalikirapo kapena dalaivala agwiritse ntchito brake pedal molimba pang'ono.

Santa brake ndi fakitale ya brake disc ndi ma pads ku China yomwe ili ndi zaka zopitilira 15 zopanga.Santa Brake imakwirira ma brake disc ndi zinthu zama pads.Monga katswiri wopanga ma brake disc ndi ma pads, Santa brake amatha kupereka zinthu zabwino kwambiri pamitengo yopikisana kwambiri.

Masiku ano, mabuleki a Santa amatumiza kunja kumayiko opitilira 20+ ndipo ali ndi makasitomala okondwa opitilira 50+ padziko lonse lapansi.