I. Msika wamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi komanso wapadziko lonse lapansi
1, Msika wamsika wapakhomo
Kukula kwa kufunikira kwa msika wa ma brake pads kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi chitukuko chamakampani amagalimoto (kupanga magalimoto ndi umwini kumatsimikizira zomwe zimatuluka, ndipo pali kulumikizana kwamphamvu pakati pake ndi kupanga ma brake pad ndi kugulitsa), komanso kufulumira. Kukula kwamakampani amagalimoto aku China kudzayendetsa chitukuko munthawi imodzi ya opanga ma brake pad.Choyamba, China pakadali pano ili ndi opanga magalimoto opitilira 300 ndi mafakitale opitilira 600 osintha magalimoto, omwe amatuluka pachaka pafupifupi magalimoto 18 miliyoni, komanso kufunikira kwakukulu kwa ma brake pads, komwe kumafunikira chaka chilichonse pafupifupi ma seti 300 miliyoni a brake. mapepala.Kupanga kwapakhomo kwa 2010, mtengo wotulutsa ndi ndalama zogulitsira zosemphana ndi kusindikiza zidafikira kukula kwa manambala awiri, ndikutulutsa kokwanira (kupatula zida zomaliza) matani 875,600, kukwera ndi 20.73% pachaka.Kutulutsa konse (kupatula zinthu zomalizidwa pang'ono) kunali matani 875,600, kukwera ndi 20.73% pachaka;okwana linanena bungwe mtengo anali 16.6 biliyoni yuan, kukwera 28.35% chaka ndi chaka;ndalama zogulitsa zinali 16 biliyoni, kukwera 30.25% pachaka.
Kukula mwachangu kwamakampani amagalimoto aku China kudzayendetsa kukula kwanthawi imodzi kwa opanga ma brake pad, ndipo zikhudza kufunikira kwa msika wam'tsogolo wa ma brake pads kuchokera pamawonekedwe a ma brake pad stock ndi kukwera.Mumsika wogulitsa, monga ma brake pads ndi zinthu zomwe zimatha kudyedwa, kuchuluka kwa kukonzanso kumakhala mwachangu, ndipo umwini wagalimoto waukulu umalimbikitsa kufunikira kwa ma brake pads pamsika wam'nyumba;nthawi yomweyo, mumsika wochulukirachulukira, kupanga ndi kugulitsa malonda kumapangitsa kuti ma brake pads akadali ofunikira kwambiri pamsika wothandizira.Chifukwa chake, vuto lazachuma padziko lonse lapansi lomwe lidapangitsa kuti chuma chapadziko lonse chisasunthike pamakampani opanga ma brake pad chazimiririka pang'onopang'ono, zizindikiro za kuyambiranso kwamakampani zawonekera, makampani opanga ma brake pad akubweretsa mwayi waukulu wachitukuko.
Malinga ndi ziwerengero, mabizinesi aku China omwe amapanga zinthu zosagwirizana ali ndi zopitilira 470, kuphatikiza mabizinesi ophatikizana opitilira 40 akunja ndi mabizinesi akunja kwathunthu.Ziwerengero zikuwonetsa kuti mu 2010, mafakitale aku China akulimbana ndi zida zapachaka zokwana matani 426,000 azinthu zokangana, mtengo wokwanira wa yuan biliyoni 8.53, zotumiza kunja kwa yuan biliyoni 3.18, zomwe zida zosemphana zamagalimoto zidakhala pafupifupi 80% ya onse.Makampani opanga zida zaku China akutukuka kwambiri, mabizinesi ena otsogola afika pamlingo wapamwamba wapadziko lonse lapansi.
2, kukula kwa msika wapadziko lonse lapansi
Malinga ndi ziwerengero za World Automobile Manufacturers Association (OICA), magalimoto omwe alipo padziko lonse lapansi pafupifupi 900 miliyoni, ndipo akuchulukirabe pamlingo wa 30 miliyoni pachaka, zikuyembekezeka kuti pofika 2020, umwini wamagalimoto padziko lonse lapansi ufikira mayunitsi 1.2 biliyoni. .
Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwa International Energy Agency (IEA), pofika chaka cha 2020, kufunikira kwa msika wapadziko lonse wamagalimoto kupitilira $15 biliyoni.Makampani opanga magalimoto aku China akupita patsogolo mwachangu, dziko la China likhala malo opangira zinthu padziko lonse lapansi komanso malo ogulitsa padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo opanga ma brake pad aku China apambana msika wambiri pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi.
2010 world brake pad main market country operation kusanthula
(1), United States
Mu December 2010, msika US galimoto malonda anakhalabe mkulu mlingo kukula kuyambira December 2009, kufika 7.73 miliyoni mayunitsi, ndi kuchira pang'onopang'ono kwa msika galimoto US, kulimbikitsa mbali galimoto US kuthandiza lonse msika, malinga ndi deta yoyenera zikusonyeza kuti January. mpaka Disembala 2010, ndalama zogulitsira magalimoto aku US $ 6.5 biliyoni, kuchuluka kwa 21%.
(2), Japan
Japan ndi imodzi mwa magawo khumi apamwamba a magalimoto padziko lapansi omwe akuthandiza msika, chifukwa Japan ili ndi luso lapamwamba la zida zamagalimoto komanso kufunikira kwamphamvu kwa msika kunyumba ndi kunja, January-December 2010 malonda a malonda a ma brake pads amafika $ 4.1 biliyoni chaka ndi chaka kukula kwa 13%, zinthu zake zazikulu zotumizira kunja kwa ma brake pads omwe amathandizira kugwiritsa ntchito.
(3), Germany
Malinga ndi kusanthula deta zogwirizana odalirika, Germany galimoto kupanga ananyamuka 18% pachaka kwa mayunitsi 413,500 mu December 2010. The zoweta magalimoto msika amakonda kukhala okhwima, German magalimoto ananyema PAD luso wakhala otukuka kwambiri, kupanga zoweta. ndi malonda a zinthu kukwaniritsa awiri akuchulukirachulukira, 2010 galimoto ananyema PAD January kuti December kukwaniritsa malonda ndalama za 3.2 biliyoni US madola, kuwonjezeka 8%.
Gawo lazinthu
Ma brake pads amagwiritsidwa ntchito mochulukira pamsika wam'nyumba: 95% ya ma brake pads ku China amagwiritsidwa ntchito potsatsa, ndi kuchuluka kwa seti pafupifupi 95 miliyoni.
Gawo la ma brake pads apanyumba omwe amathandizira galimoto yonse ndi lochepa.Pakalipano, 5% yokha ya malonda onse apachaka amtundu wodziyimira pawokha pamakampani a brake pad ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pama OEM apakhomo.
Chiwerengero cha ma brake pads omwe amathandizira galimoto yonse ndi pafupifupi 5 miliyoni.
Pakali pano, mayiko ochiritsira mkangano zipangizo ndi theka-zitsulo, otsika zitsulo, ceramic, organic zipangizo magulu anayi, malangizo chitukuko ndi kukhwima theka-zitsulo formulations, kusintha zochepa zitsulo formulations, chitukuko cha formulations NAO.Komabe, pakali pano, asibesitosi (kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwake kunali koletsedwa m'chaka cha 1999) ma brake pads ku China akadali ndi gawo lalikulu m'madera ena, makamaka pamsika wamagetsi olemera kwambiri.Chifukwa chakuti ulusi wa asibesitosi uli ndi zinthu zoyambitsa khansa, mayiko angapo padziko lapansi asayina pangano la mgwirizano wokana kugwiritsa ntchito asibesitosi.
Malinga ndi chidziwitso chofunikira, m'misika yakunja, palibe asibesitosi, chitsulo chochepa, zinthu zosagwirizana ndi chilengedwe (zomwe zimatchedwanso NAO-mtundu wa friction materials) zaka zoposa khumi zapitazo zayamba kutsatsa malonda;maiko ena ku Europe ndi United States akhala akuletsa kugundana kwa zinthu zazitsulo zowopsa komanso malamulo amkuwa.M'tsogolomu, zomwe zili mu asibesitosi ndi zitsulo zolemera muzinthu zowonongeka zidzakhala zotsutsana zotumizidwa ku Ulaya ndi zoletsa zamalonda za United States.Chifukwa chake, palibe phokoso, palibe phulusa komanso malo osawononga, moyo wautali wautumiki, kusungitsa bwino komanso kuteteza chilengedwe, kuchotseratu zinthu za asbestos brake pad, ndiye njira yoyenera kutsatira zomwe zikuchitika padziko lonse lapansi.
Kampani yaku China yamagalimoto yama brake pad ikuyang'anizana ndi masinthidwe akuluakulu awiri achitetezo cha chilengedwe ndi magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, zokometsera zachilengedwe zowongoka kwambiri komanso kukumana ndi kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono, kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono, kukhazikika kwa mikangano ndi zofunikira zina, ziyeneranso kukhala ndi kugwedezeka pang'ono. , phokoso otsika, phulusa ndi makhalidwe ena ochezeka zachilengedwe, izi ndi mikangano zinthu chiphunzitso luso, yaiwisi processing luso, wosanganiza zipangizo kukonzekera luso, otentha kukanikiza luso, kutentha mankhwala luso ndi kutsatira ukadaulo wa Chithandizo ndi zofunika zina zapamwamba.
Malinga ndi ziwerengero za China Friction and Seal Materials Association, mabizinesi aku China opanga ma brake pad ali ndi pafupifupi 500 kapena kupitilira apo, koma opitilira 80% amabizinesi ndi ochepa.Ndi kusintha kwa gawo lonse lamakampani opanga magalimoto aku China, msika wamagalimoto ukusintha pang'onopang'ono kuchoka pamtengo wa ma brake pads kupita kuyang'ana kwambiri zaukadaulo ndiukadaulo wa ma brake pads, kuchuluka kwa msika kupitilirabe bwino, ndipo pamapeto pake. mapangidwe luso luso la mpikisano pakati mabizinesi.
Makampani opanga magalimoto aku China atayamba mochedwa, kupanga m'nyumba zamagalimoto apamwamba kwambiri ku Europe, United States, Japan, South Korea ndi mayiko ena, ndipo ma brake pads amafunikira zida zachitetezo, makampani amagalimoto odziwika bwino amawongolera kwambiri. pamwamba pawo.Malinga ndi ziwerengero za China Friction and Seal Materials Association, 85% ya ma brake pads apanyumba pano amadalira zolowa kunja, makampani apanyumba opangira ma brake pad amatha kupikisana pamsika amayang'ana kwambiri pama brake pads, galimoto yaying'ono yotsika yokhala ndi ma brake pads ndi msika wa micro car brake pads.Komabe, chifukwa cha kuwongolera kwaukadaulo waku China wopanga zida zamagalimoto komanso kusintha kwa mfundo zamafakitale m'maiko otukuka komanso kukopa kwamitengo, msika wapadziko lonse wogula zinthu ukusamukira ku China.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa National Bureau of Statistics, msika wofuna ma brake pads mu 2010 unali pafupifupi 2.5 biliyoni ya yuan, zomwe zimawerengera pafupifupi 25% ya msika wonse wa brake pad.
Chachitatu, udindo wa mabizinezi zoweta, luso ndi zinthu chitukuko mankhwala ndi zina
Pakalipano, mphamvu zopangira ndi luso la mabizinesi ena oyendetsa magalimoto apanyumba ali pafupi kwambiri ndi dziko lapansi, ndipo mabizinesi angapo otsogola akukula mofulumira.Ngakhale mphamvu yopanga ndi luso la mabizinesi aku China olimbana ndi magalimoto apita patsogolo kwambiri, koma miyezo yamakampani ndi yobwerera m'mbuyo, ngakhale zofunikira za OEMs zoweta sizikugwirizana.Kuti mugwiritse ntchito kutentha kwa mbale ya nkhope, mwachitsanzo, chomeracho chiyenera kufika 300 ℃, pamene mfundo za dziko zimapereka 200 ℃ ndizoyenerera.Chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, kukonzedwanso kwa miyezo ya dziko sikunayambe kwenikweni mpaka zaka zingapo zapitazo.
Chinthu chinanso chodziwika bwino ndi chakuti, kwa makampani olimbana ndi magalimoto, kafukufuku wawo wodziimira yekha ndi chitukuko amawonekera makamaka pakufufuza kwazinthu zophatikizika.Ngakhale kuti chitukuko mofulumira m'zaka zaposachedwapa, koma chifukwa cha ofooka likulu kudzikundikira, m'banja magalimoto mikangano mabizinesi pa kupanga kusintha ndi kafukufuku palokha ndi chitukuko ndalama ndi m'munsimu anzake akunja.Miyezo yamakampani yatsala pang'ono kutha, makampani opanga ma brake pad ali ndi ndalama zochepa pakufufuza ndi chitukuko, malinga ndi zinthu zingapo, makampani apakhomo a brake pad ndi mabizinesi akadali ndi njira yayitali yoti apite.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-07-2022